Saturday, March 5, 2016

Verily Is Building A Google For Medical Information

Verily Is Building A Google For Medical Information

The company's CEO, Andy Conrad: The most important tool in medicine is a computer

Anyone can use a search engine like Google to locate the nearest seafood restaurant, or the best school in their neighborhood. But medical researchers don't have an easy way to type in questions and receive meaningful answers.

Andy Conrad, who heads up Verily—formerly known as Google Life Sciences—is working with a coalition of academic hospitals, physicians, universities, and patient advocates to bring medical information into one place. He calls it the "Google of human systems biology."

"Unfortunately, most of the information that scientists use isn’t easily available," Conrad said on stage at the Future of Genomic Medicine conference in San Diego on Thursday. "That information sits around in difficult-to-crack domains."

Conrad didn't provide many specific details on how the product would work. But he did say that it would involve a library of sorts that leverages machine-learning technology. "It doesn't work as wonderfully as a human," he says. "But it can answer questions."

He confirmed a rumor that Verily's team is working out of a 500,000-square-foot campus in South San Francisco, just a stone's throw from Alphabet's corporate headquarters. The size of the workforce remains unknown, but Conrad said he is adding 1,000 people in the coming months.

MEDICINE IS AN ART AND A SCIENCE

Indexing the world's medical information isn't a particularly new idea. IBM Watson and other tech behemoths are developing artificial intelligence technologies to do just that.

But Conrad, who previously worked at Google's research and development lab Google X, implied that Verily is taking a more human-centered approach. Medicine is as much an art as a science, so Verily is working with patient advocates, mothers, and doctors to determine how to aggregate data that can't be found in scientific journals.


But Conrad, who previously worked at Google's research and development lab Google X, implied that Verily is taking a more human-centered approach. Medicine is as much an art as a science, so Verily is working with patient advocates, mothers, and doctors to determine how to aggregate data that can't be found in scientific journals.

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As an example, Conrad said he recently spoke with a high-profile doctor who used loosely veiled code like "TLS" ('they look sick') to describe his patients. These notes might mean a lot to an individual doctor, but they mean very little to anyone else. "How would you capture that in an algorithm?"

LEARNING FROM FAILURE

This isn't Google's first foray into health care. The ill-fated Google Health shut down in 2011 after it failed to gain traction with consumers.

But Conrad said he has learned from previous failures. "In our early forays into health care, we had a bunch of engineers that might not be wonderfully in touch with the rest of the world, especially at Google," he recalled. "But the most interesting thing we did then was to gut an office and turn it into this sequencing lab filled with physicists."

Going forward, Conrad suggested that Verily will explore how to incorporate data from devices, like smartphones, into its database. These tiny devices that we carry around in our pockets contain a wealth of health information beyond step counts. Conrad pointed to the potential of using smartphones to determine if a person is depressed.

"People often ask me about the future of medicine," he said. "We think the most important tool is the computer."

From-fastcompany.com


Friday, March 4, 2016

Biotech Mogul: Cancer Treatments Could Work on Zika Virus

Biotech Mogul: Cancer Treatments Could Work on Zika Virus

Known for his bold claims, entrepreneur Patrick Soon-Shiong says that immunotherapies can tackle cancer as well as infections.

What do breast cancer, lung cancer, and Zika virus have in common? They can all be treated with the same medications, claimed biotech billionaire Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong at a genetics conference in San Diego on Thursday. The doctor doesn't shy away from bold statements based on preliminary data and was met with adoration as a kickoff speaker at the Future of Genomic Medicine conference—a science-heavy gathering at the Scripps Institution of geneticists, oncologists, data scientists, and other experts.
Soon-Shiong captivated the crowd with a vision of treating cancer not as a profusion of tumors but as an infection of mutating cells that the body's own immune system can fight off. This isn't a new idea, as the doctor himself freely says. It's central to new concepts of cancer treatments that seek to minimize or eliminate the role of toxic chemotherapy drugs and harmful radiation by training the immune system to attack cancer cells. Now Soon-Shiong says that the same methods can spur the body to attack infections including the Zika virus spreading through Central and South America, as well as the Chikungunya virus that sickens people in Africa, Asia, Europe, and around the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Immunotherapy figures prominently in the Obama administration's cancer "moonshot" initiative, an effort led by Vice President Joe Biden to bring together the disparate companies and organizations working on cancer research and treatments. It's also the foundation of Cancer MoonShot 2020, a private coalition that Soon-Shiong launched the day before Obama announced the government program during his State of the Union address.
But Soon-Shiong, believed to be the richest physician in the world, has been perhaps the most charismatic advocate of immunotherapies, saying that cancer will in perhaps a few years be reduced to permanent remission or even eliminated with treatments similar to a few flu shots. The mechanism he touts is to discover, through sequencing a patient's genome, all the mutant proteins that form a patient's cancer, then introducing them to the body to trigger the immune system to attack those proteins, just as a flu shot triggers an attack on the influenza virus. His method, in fact, uses a common virus type, called adenoviruses, to deliver the proteins that ultimately spur the programming of memory cells, parts of the immune system that encode the fingerprint of a pathogen and trigger an immune reaction when the body encounters it again.
Soon-Shiong claims that his consortium has had success with this method in trials. He rattled off a litany of cancers he's targeting with the treatments, including colorectal cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and cervical cancer. "What's exciting," he said, "is that the same technology we've developed [could treat] Zika and Chikungunya" viruses.
I asked Soon-Shiong when, if his method works, we could expect treatments for these viral infections. But he declined to provide any time frame, not even in the range of years.
Source-
http://www.fastcompany.com/3057469/biotech-mogul-cancer-treatments-could-work-on-zika-virus?